大学英语写作中常见的错误分析

由于学生在初、高中阶段对英语写作训练甚少，因此进入大学后他们在英语写作中存在很多问题，特别是非英语专业学生没有专门的英语写作课，写作技巧更是缺乏。本文以某独立学院非英语专业大一学生为例，分析了他们在英语写作中出现的语言错误，其目的在于让学生意识到自己在英语写作中可能常犯的错误并且加以改正，不断提高英语写作水平。就学生作文的错误而言，主要分为以下几类：

一、主语用错

1. 无主语

如让某班同学写一篇题为进校后对大学的感受的作文，有同学写到：

In my college feels comfortable.

正确的表述应该是I feel comfortable in my college.

2. 非名词作主语

同样是写一篇题为进校后对大学的感受的作文，有同学写到：

Find a part-time job at college is helpful.

正确的表述应该是Finding a part-time job at college is helpful.

3. 主语用错

同样是写一篇题为进校后对大学的感受的作文，有同学写到：

Reading as many books as possible can acquire knowledge at college.

如：We can acquire knowledge if we read as many books as possible at college.

4. 前后主语不一致

如让某班同学写一篇题为住房问题的作文，有同学写到：

Having pulled down one-family houses, more tall apartment buildings are built.

前句的主语应该是人，而后句的主语是more tall apartment buildings, 很明显前后主语不一致, 正确的表述应该是：

Having pulled down one-family houses, the government built more tall apartment buildings.

二、谓语错误

1. 多重谓语

同样是写一篇题为进校后对大学的感受的作文，有同学写到：

There are many students read English in the morning at college.

正确的表述应该是There are many students reading English in the morning at college.

或者是 Many students read English in the morning at college.

2. 非谓语动词

如让某班同学写一篇题为交通问题的作文，有同学写到：

Many people buy cars nowadays, but some people against it because it causes traffic problems.

正确的表述应该是：Many people buy cars nowadays, but some people are against it because it causes traffic problems. 因为against 不是动词，所以应该用be against

3. 主谓不一致

在学生的作文里最常见的主谓不一致就是一般现在时第三人称主语后的谓语动词忘记加单三形式的错误。

同样是写一篇题为住房问题的作文，有同学写到：

The government decide to pull down one-family houses and build more tall apartment buildings.

正确的表述应该是 The government decides to pull down one-family houses and build more tall apartment buildings.

4. 误用词组

同样是写一篇题为住房问题的作文，有同学写到：

The housing problems in the city become serious because of more and more people move to the city.

because of 后面接名词或名词性的短语而because后面接句子，所以这里应该用because。

正确的表述应该是 The housing problems in the city become serious because more and more people move to the city.

三、破句

同样是写一篇题为住房问题的作文，有同学写到：

Nowadays, the housing problem becomes serious. Because many people move to the cities.

正确的表述应该是Nowadays, the housing problem becomes serious because many people move to the cities.

四、搭配错误

同样是写一篇题为住房问题的作文，有同学写到：

The housing price is so expensive that many people can't buy a house.

正确的表述应该是The housing price is so high that many people can't buy a house.

同样是写一篇题为交通问题的作文，有同学写到：

Crowded traffic in some big cities is a big problem.

正确的表述应该是 Heavy traffic in some big cities is a big problem.

    五、词汇错误

    1.代词错误

主要是前后人称代词不一致

同样是写一篇题为进校后对大学的感受的作文，有同学写到：

If we study hard at college, you will find a good job after graduation.

很明显前句的主语是we, 后句的主语是you, 正确的表述应该是：

If we study hard at college, we will find a good job after graduation.

2. 冠词错误

同样是写一篇题为交通问题的作文，有同学写到：

In my opinion, car can cause a lot of pollution.

正确的表述应该是：In my opinion, cars can cause a lot of pollution.

    3. 形容词、副词误用

同样是写一篇题为进校后对大学的感受的作文，有同学写到：

College life is quite differently from that in high school.

be动词后面应该用形容词，正确的表述应该是 College life is quite different from that in high school.

I feel happily at college.

系动词后应用形容词，所以正确的表述应该是I feel happy at college.

    4. 形容词、名词误用

同样是写一篇题为住房问题的作文，有同学写到：

With the development of the economic, more and more people move to the city.

这里economic是形容词，此处应该用名词。正确的表述应该是With the development of the economy, more and more people move to the city.

    5. 动词过去式或过去分词误用

主要是一些不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的误用，有些同学因为不了解而在后面加ed.

    6. 单词拼写错误

由于对词汇的记忆欠牢固，有的同学凭印象去拼写单词而没有通过查词典去核实，因此容易出现单词的拼写错误。

六、中式英语

同样是写一篇题为进校后对大学的感受的作文，有同学写到：

I very like my college.

正确的表述应该是 I like my college very much.

同样是写一篇题为交通问题的作文，有同学写到：

My high school teacher met a traffic accident.

正确的表述应该是 My high school teacher had a traffic accident.